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hale

Your first run

Put something on screen.

Create a file hello.hl:

fn main() {
    println("Hello from Hale.");
}

Run it:

Terminal window
hale run hello.hl
Hello from Hale.

hale run compiles your program and runs it in one step — it’s the same native code hale build produces, just executed immediately and not left on disk. When you want the artifact to keep and ship, build it:

Terminal window
hale build hello.hl
./hello

Same compiler, same output: run is the fast inner-loop shape, build is for the binary you deploy. There’s no separate interpreter, so anything that runs under build runs identically under run.

What’s here

Section titled “What’s here”

  • fn main() is the entry point, the same as it is in C, Go, or Rust. A Hale program starts by calling it.

  • println(...) prints its arguments followed by a newline. It takes any number of arguments and concatenates them — there’s no format string:

    fn main() {
        let name = "Hale";
        println("Hello from ", name, ".");
    }

  • Statements end with ;. Newlines are just whitespace — they don’t end statements. Source is ASCII outside of string literals and comments.

Comments are C-style:

// a line comment
/* a block comment */

That’s the whole surface you need to start. The next chapter introduces variables and the value types — the vocabulary every Hale program is built from.

hale run and imports. A single file’s import "..." as ...; directives are resolved by hale run just as hale build resolves them. The one gap is the ad-hoc directory form (hale run ./dir), which bundles the directory’s files without cross-seed import resolution — use hale build ./dir for a multi-file project that imports libraries.

Build modes, diagnostics, and debugging

Section titled “Build modes, diagnostics, and debugging”

A few switches worth knowing from day one:

  • The rest of the loop: hale fmt keeps your code canonical (zero config), hale test runs *_test.hl, hale verify is check with teeth (any advisory fails — what CI runs), and hale doc renders API references from /// comments. Agent hosts without a shell get all of it via hale mcp.
  • Faster iteration: hale build --dev (or HALE_DEV=1) uses a lighter optimization pipeline — noticeably quicker builds while you’re in an edit-run loop. Release builds default to -O3 tuned for your CPU.
  • Where did the build time go? HALE_TIME=1 hale build app.hl prints per-phase wall times.
  • Editor & agent integration: hale lsp is a stdio Language Server — point any LSP-speaking editor (or agent harness) at it and you get live diagnostics: type errors as errors, the advisory analyses (unbounded-alloc survey, hot-path lint, placement warnings) as warnings, re-checked whole-program on every keystroke because the check runs in ~10 ms. Hover shows signatures with their contracts (fallibility, @hot/@budget status, a topic’s routing key), completion covers self. members, the std:: surface, and your seed’s symbols, go-to-definition and references work across the seed, and the custom requests hale/busGraph, hale/placement, and hale/allocSummary return the pub/sub topology, the thread/pool map, and the allocation survey’s leak sites. No configuration. Prefer plain JSON? hale check app.hl --json emits one object per diagnostic (file, line, col, severity, message) on stdout — a save-hook is all a minimal integration needs.
  • Real debugging: binaries carry full DWARF by default — gdb ./app, break app.hl:42, backtraces with real file:line, info locals / print x with typed values (Strings print their text), and ASAN reports that point at the exact source line. Zero runtime cost; opt out with LOTUS_NO_DEBUGINFO=1.